Some Common Moulds and Fungi

There are thousands of fungi (including molds) in our environment. Very few are dangerous to humans, however, there are some which have a detremental effect on humans under certain situations. A few are listed here...

Histoplasma capsulatum causes histoplasmosis, a mild fever and malaise, has affected more than 40 million people in North America. Most often found in pigeon roosts, bat caves and old buildings where moisture and excreta accumulate. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency

Crypotococcus neoformans causes cryptococcosis (lung infection). It is found in pigeon excrement and when dry the pathogen becomes airborne. It is a contributing factor in most sick building syndrome cases.

Mucor sp. A somewhat rare and opportunistic pathogen which can infect the lungs and other locations. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency. Spores will germinate and produce mycelial growth.

Rhizopus sp. An opportunistic pathogen which can infect the lungs and other locations. Spores will germinate and produce mycelial growth. Can be fatal to those with immunodeficiency.

Absidia sp. Can invade upper respiratory tract, produce spores and mycelia growth. Possibly fatal to those with immunodeficiency.

Stachybotrys sp. A recently identified fungal allergen. Is a contributing factor to Sick Building Syndrome. Not usually fatal, but does produce spores and can result in mycelium growth.

Hundreds of other airborne pathogens are common in the air that we breathe each day. Exposure to these is often not a problem as the immune system destroys them. It is a problem, however, when the immune system has been "overworked" by such common situations as fighting a cold, or other such diseases. In a person who is continually exposed to certain chemicals or pathogens, a "hypersensitivity" may develop. This usually explains why someone who has not suffered from exposure suddenly becomes sensitive to it and becomes "sick".